Deck vs patio
Decks work on uneven terrain; patios are ground-level and often paver or concrete. Both need proper drainage.
- Decks require footings and structural framing
- Patios may need less permitting in some areas
- Consider sun, shade, and prevailing wind
Decking materials
Pressure-treated wood is economical; composite and PVC reduce maintenance; hardwoods offer premium looks.
- Composite resists rot and splinters
- Hidden fasteners give a cleaner surface
- Plan board direction and breaker boards
Railings, stairs, and code
Most jurisdictions require railings on decks above 30 inches. Stairs need consistent rise and run.
- Aluminum, cable, and glass railing options
- LED stair and post lighting for safety
- Pull permits — inspections protect resale
Patio and hardscape
Pavers, stamped concrete, and natural stone each balance cost and aesthetics.
- Proper base compaction prevents settling
- Fire pits need setback rules and non-combustible surfaces
- Outdoor kitchens need utility planning
Hire a pro
Structural decks should be built by experienced contractors familiar with local codes.
- Get engineered drawings when spans, cantilevers, or a hot tub add load
- Compare stain/fade and structural warranties — they are not the same document
- Inspect the ledger flashing and footings before you pick a board color
Ledger flashing is the part you cannot see in the listing photo
A new board surface on an unflashed ledger is how decks pull away from houses. Inspect hangers, posts, and the house wrap before you shop composite colors. Railings are code once the walking surface is high enough — pretty cable still has to pass the 4-inch sphere test.
- Do not hide rot under new boards
- Picture-frame composite needs extra blocking
- A patio is a dirt-and-base job; a deck is a framing job — do not mix the bids